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51.
采用熔融共混法制备了石墨(G)、碳纳米管(CNTs)与聚丙烯(PP)、聚己内酯(PCL)导电复合材料,通过改变G的添加量制备了系列导电复合材料。主要测试了熔体流动速率、力学性能、导电性能、电热性能,并进行了电子显微镜观察结构、差示扫描量热法分析、热失重分析。结果表明,PCL与PP混合后,PP的拉伸强度提升了4.375 MPa,在加入G/CNTs之后,力学性能受影响较大下降了约73.5 %;G/CNTs的加入还能有效降低PP的电阻率,使其从绝缘体变为半导体材料电阻率为7.83×106 Ω·m;PP与PCL共混后复合材料的热稳定性得到了显著提高,初始分解温度从368.88 ℃升高至398.95 ℃,在加入G/CNTs管后又进一步提高至408.78 ℃。 相似文献
52.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2020,40(9):3494-3497
An original oxide/oxide ceramic-matrix composite containing mullite-based fibers and a barium aluminosilicate matrix has been synthesized by the film boiling chemical vapour infiltration process. Alkoxides were used as liquid precursors for aluminum, silicon and barium oxides. The structure and microstructure of the oxide matrix were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Apart from small residual mullite and amorphous phase amounts, the oxide matrix is composed of the hexacelsian phase, conferring to the material interesting perspectives for high-temperature electromagnetic and structural applications. 相似文献
53.
54.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(3):3311-3323
Materials with two distinct (magnetostrictive-ferroelectric) phases, i.e., x (Co0·9Ni0·1Fe2O4) -(1-x) [0.5 (Ba0·7Ca0·3TiO3) −0.5 (BaZr0·2Ti0·8O3)], combined at ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60 were prepared using a hydroxide coprecipitation method. These multiferroic composites were subjected to sintering via the hybrid microwave sintering technique at 1200 °C for 20 min. Ni-substituted CFO exhibited excellent magnetic properties at room temperature, with Ms ≈ 80 emu/g, μB ≈ 3.37, Mr ≈ 19.05 emu/g, and Hc ≈ 599 Oe, as well as a high value of the magnetostriction coefficient (λ12 ≈ −118 ppm). The magnetostrictive-ferroelectric crystal phases in each composite were confirmed via X-ray diffraction analysis. The highest value of the linear magneto-electric coefficient was α = 21.6 mV/cm-Oe at a frequency of 1 kHz for the 40CNFO-60(BCT-BZT) composite, and a similar sample had the highest value of the magnetodielectric coefficient, which was approximately 3.3% at f = 1 kHz with an applied magnetic field of 1 T. The typical ferromagnetic and ferroelectric nature of each composite was confirmed by M − H and P–E hysteresis loops, respectively at room temperature. Two anomalies were observed in the temperature-dependent dielectric permittivity one at ~140 °C and another above 500 °C confirming the coexistence of two materials with distinct transition points, i.e., BCT-BZT and CNFO, respectively. 相似文献
55.
废弃锂离子电池的负极活性材料主要为石墨,现阶段对于废弃锂离子电池中的石墨主要采用填埋等方法进行处理,造成了资源的浪费和环境的污染。现有的研究表明,废弃锂离子电池中的石墨经高温热解及酸浸处理后可以得到纯净的再生石墨,采用再生石墨增强水泥基复合材料的力学性能和电学性能。结果表明:再生石墨的引入可以增强材料的抗压性能和抗折性能,最大增幅分别达到了57.3%和84.4%。此外,再生石墨的加入有效降低了材料的电阻率,减少了极化时间,当再生石墨的掺加量为3%时,养护28 d后材料的电阻率仅为249 Ω·cm。该复合材料还具有典型的压敏特性。所制备的复合材料有望用于混凝土材料结构的实时动态监测。此外,对于废弃锂离子电池的全组分回收利用及功能水泥材料的研发具有重要意义。 相似文献
56.
研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAPP)、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)处理对聚丙烯(PP) /小麦秸秆粉(WSP)复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,随着体系中MAPP质量份数的增加,PP/WSP的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均逐渐增大,但冲击强度却先增加后减小,复合材料达到塑化峰的时间逐渐延长;使用EAA后,无论体系中是否已经使用了MAPP,PP/WSP的拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度均可得以提高,特别对于未使用MAPP的体系,效果更加明显,可分别提高65.04 %、45.42 %和6.75 %,储能模量增加,表面疏水性增强,平衡扭矩从13.9 N·m降至11.8 N·m,吸水尺寸变化率及吸水率下降,吸水平衡时间缩短;使用EAA可改善PP/WSP中WSP与PP间的界面结合,改善PP/WSP力学性能、热稳定性能、表面疏水性能、尺寸稳定性能和加工性能,降低其吸水率。 相似文献
57.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(5):5779-5787
This article aims to manufacture homogenous dual-matrix Al–Mg/Al2O3 nanocomposite from their raw materials and give insight into the correlation between powder morphology, crystallite structure and their mechanical and tribological properties. Al–Mg dual-matrix reinforced with micro/nano Al2O3 particles was manufactured by a novel double high-energy ball milling process followed by a cold consolidation and sintering. Microstructure and phase composition of the prepared samples were characterized using FE-SEM, EDS and XRD inspections. Mechanical and wear properties were characterized using compression and sliding wear tests. The results showed that a milling of Mg with Al2O3 particles in an initial step before mixing with Al has the beneficial of well dispersion of Al2O3 nanoparticles in Al–Mg dual matrix. The Al–Mg dual matrix reinforced with nano-size Al2O3 showed 3.29-times smaller crystallite size than pure Al. Moreover, the hardness and compressive strength are enhanced by adding nano-size Al2O3 with Al–Mg dual matrix composite while the ductility is maintained relatively high. Additionally, the wear rate of this composite was reduced by a factor of 2.7 compared to pure Al. The reduced crystallite size, the dispersion of Al2O3 nanoparticles and the formation of (Al–Mg)ss were the main improvement factors for mechanical and wear properties. 相似文献
58.
采用累积叠轧焊+中间退火法复合轧制1060Al/Fe基非晶多层铝合金复合板材。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X-衍射分析仪以及拉伸试验机分析Al基复合材料的微观组织结构变化、断口形貌、物相组成以及力学性能。结果表明:Fe基非晶复合材料的增强体在300 ℃中间退火过程中发生部分晶化,在累积变形轧制过程中发生破碎,并随着变形道次的增加,破碎程度随之增大;复合板前6道次的累积轧制变形出现了明显的加工软化现象,并且随着变形道次的增加,其加工软化的效果愈明显;随着累积轧制变形道次增加,Al基复合材料的力学性能发生了明显的变化,第2道次轧制变形后屈服强度与抗拉强度达到了最大值为140 MPa和156 MPa,伸长率为5.53%,达到最佳综合性能。 相似文献
59.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(5):5850-5855
A well-distributed nano-silver hydroxyapatite composite has been successfully prepared by a one-pot synthesis method. Hydroxyapatite was separately synthesized by a sol-gel method, then impregnated with silver nanoparticles with the mediation of Uncaria gambir Roxb. leaf extract in the presence of three kinds of alkanolamine compound; monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA) as capping agents. The effect of different capping agents on the properties of the silver nanoparticles and the nano-silver hydroxyapatite composite were studied. UV–visible spectrophotometer analysis exhibited absorbance peaks at 402–439 nm which specifically corresponds to spherical silver nanoparticles. Higher optical absorbance was observed in TEA-capped silver nanoparticles, than in DEA and MEA-capped ones. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a highly crystalline hexagonal structure for hydroxyapatite and no detected metallic silver. However, the presence of 1.65% silver was confirmed by energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed spherical silver nanoparticles with a size range of 2–62 nm (smallest mean diameter of 2 nm) adhered to the hydroxyapatite surface. The TEA capped impregnated silver nanoparticles were the smallest, corresponding to the best capping performance, followed by those capped by DEA and MEA. Small-sized nanoparticles on hydroxyapatite are beneficial for highly antibacterial bone implants. 相似文献
60.
Flexible pressure sensors have potential applications in human motion monitoring and electronic skins. To satisfy the practical applications, pressure sensors with a high sensitivity, a low detection limit, a broad response range, and an excellent stability are highly needed. Here, a piezoresistive pressure sensor based on wavy‐structured single‐walled carbon nanotube/graphite flake/thermoplastic polyurethane (SWCNT/GF/TPU) composite film is fabricated by a prestretching process. Due to the random wavy structure, high conductivity, and good flexibility, the prepared sensor displays a low detection limit of 2 Pa, a wide sensing range of 0–60 kPa, and a high sensitivity of 5.49 kPa?1 for 0–50 Pa. Furthermore, the sensor shows a remarkable repeatability of over 1.1 × 104, 9.0 × 103, and 2.0 × 103 pressure loading/unloading cycles at 50 Pa, 500 Pa, and 30 kPa, respectively, and a fast responsibility of 100–150 ms of loading response time and 400–600 ms of relaxation time. Therefore, the pressure sensor is successfully adopted to monitor both the large‐scale human activities (e.g., walk and jump) and the small‐scale signals (e.g., wrist pulse). Furthermore, a sensor array is assembled to map the weight and shape of an object, indicating its various potential applications including human–machine interactions, human health monitoring, and other wearable electronics. 相似文献